Pungitius pungitius
Family : Gasterosteidae
Genus : Pungitius
Species : pungitius
Accepted scientific name:
Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) (accepted name)
Synonyms:
Gasteracanthus pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) (synonym)
Gasterosteus blanchardi Sauvage, 1874 (synonym)
Gasterosteus burgundianus (non Blanchard, 1866) (misapplied name)
Gasterosteus concinnus Richardson, 1836 (synonym)
Gasterosteus dekayi Agassiz, 1850 (synonym)
Gasterosteus globiceps Sauvage, 1874 (synonym)
Gasterosteus mainensis Storer, 1837 (synonym)
Gasterosteus nebulosus Agassiz, 1850 (synonym)
Gasterosteus occidentalis Cuvier, 1829 (synonym)
Gasterosteus pungitia burgundianus (non Blanchard, 1866) (misapplied name)
Gasterosteus pungitius Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
Gasterosteus pungitius brachypoda Bean, 1879 (synonym)
Pungitius pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) (synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) (synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius brachypoda (Bean, 1879) (synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius carinata Bertin, 1925 (ambiguous synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius semiarmata Bertin, 1925 (ambiguous synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius trachura Bertin, 1925 (ambiguous synonym)
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 9.0 cm TL male/unsexed; common length : 6.5 cm NG male/unsexed; max. reported age: 5 years
Length at first maturity
Lm 3.7 range ? - ? cm
Environment
Benthopelagic; anadromous; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range ? - 110 m, usually 70 - 77 m
Climate / Range
Temperate; 10°C - 20°C; 82°N - 35°N, 180°W - 180°E
Pungitius pungitius
Family : Gasterosteidae
Genus : Pungitius
Species : pungitius
Accepted scientific name:
Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) (accepted name)
Synonyms:
Gasteracanthus pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) (synonym)
Gasterosteus blanchardi Sauvage, 1874 (synonym)
Gasterosteus burgundianus (non Blanchard, 1866) (misapplied name)
Gasterosteus concinnus Richardson, 1836 (synonym)
Gasterosteus dekayi Agassiz, 1850 (synonym)
Gasterosteus globiceps Sauvage, 1874 (synonym)
Gasterosteus mainensis Storer, 1837 (synonym)
Gasterosteus nebulosus Agassiz, 1850 (synonym)
Gasterosteus occidentalis Cuvier, 1829 (synonym)
Gasterosteus pungitia burgundianus (non Blanchard, 1866) (misapplied name)
Gasterosteus pungitius Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
Gasterosteus pungitius brachypoda Bean, 1879 (synonym)
Pungitius pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) (synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) (synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius brachypoda (Bean, 1879) (synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius carinata Bertin, 1925 (ambiguous synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius semiarmata Bertin, 1925 (ambiguous synonym)
Pygosteus pungitius trachura Bertin, 1925 (ambiguous synonym)
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 9.0 cm TL male/unsexed; common length : 6.5 cm NG male/unsexed; max. reported age: 5 years
Length at first maturity
Lm 3.7 range ? - ? cm
Environment
Benthopelagic; anadromous; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range ? - 110 m, usually 70 - 77 m
Climate / Range
Temperate; 10°C - 20°C; 82°N - 35°N, 180°W - 180°E
Distribution
Circumarctic: Atlantic drainages across Canada as far south as New Jersey, USA; Liard River in British Columbia, Canada; Pacific coast of Alaska; Great Lakes basin; drainages of northern Europe and Asia, from the UK and France to Siberia, Russia, Korea, Japan, and China.
Short description
Dorsal spines (total): 6 - 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 13; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 8 - 13; Vertebrae: 30 - 35. Distinguished by the presence of 7 to 12 free spines in front of the dorsal fin and a long caudal keel that usually reaches beneath the dorsal fin. Dorsal spines separated from one another, each with a rudimentary membrane on its posterior side; anal spine stout and curved; posterior edge of pectorals rounded; pelvic ray pressed close to the spine; caudal fin usually truncate, varying from slightly indented to slightly rounded. Pale green, grey, or olive above, strongly pigmented with irregularly arranged dark bars or blotches; silvery below. Fins colorless. Breeding colors may be variable, depending on sex, population and stage of breeding cycle but color of females always less intense than those of males. Aggressive females become dark on the back and paler below, then sometimes become paler with more conspicuous saddle marks as actual breeding approaches (Ref. 30380). Aggressive males become totally black except for the colorless fins and the membranes on the pelvic spines, which are white. At breeding, the males become paler on the back and more intensely black on the belly, especially under the chin. Breeding males on the east coast of North America have been reported as reddish under the head and greenish on the belly. Caudal fin with 12 rays.
Biology
Found in shallow vegetated areas of lakes, ponds, and pools of sluggish streams; sometimes in open water over sand. Marine populations found near shore and move into fresh water to spawn. There appears to be seasonal movements inshore to shallow water in the spring for spawning, and, in the fall, offshore to deep water, or even to the less saline parts of the sea, by the young and adults that survive spawning. Nerito-pelagic. Feeds on small invertebrates; also on aquatic insects and their eggs and larvae. Eggs are found in nests constructed from plant material. Females grow faster and live longer than do other males. Males seldom live beyond age three, due to heavy post-spawning mortality, but females may live to age five or more. When abundant, it is preyed upon by other fishes; also preyed by birds. May be used as human or dog food or as a source of oil
Human uses
Fisheries: subsistence fisheries; aquarium: commercial
Common names:
Common name/ Language/ Country
Nipigget hundestejle Danish Denmark
nippigget hundestejle Danish Denmark
Tiendoornige stekelbaars Dutch Netherlands
Barnstickle English Can Newfounl
Barnystickle English Can Newfounl
Barnytickle English Can Newfounl
Branchy English Can Newfounl
Branstickle English Can Newfounl
Doctor English Can Newfounl
Nine-spined stickleback English Canada
Nine-spined stickleback English Estonia
Nine-spined stickleback English Russian Fed
Nine-spined stikleback English UK
Ninespine stickleback English Alaska
Ninespine stickleback English Canada
Ninespine stickleback English UK
Ninespine stickleback English USA
Pinfish English Canada
Prickley English Can Newfounl
Prickly English Can Newfounl
Prickly back English Can Newfounl
Spanicle English Can Newfounl
Spannistickle English Can Newfounl
Spanny English Can Newfounl
Spannystickle English Can Newfounl
Spantickle English Can Newfounl
Sparnicle English Can Newfounl
Sparny English Can Newfounl
Sparnytickle English Can Newfounl
Spawn English Can Newfounl
Spawnykettle English Can Newfounl
Spawnytickle English Can Newfounl
Stickleback English Canada
Ten-spine stickleback English Canada
Ten-spined stikleback English UK
tenspined stickleback English USA
Thornback English Can Newfounl
Thorny back English Can Newfounl
Tiny burnstickle English Canada
Luukarits Estonian Estonia
Kymmenpiikki Finnish Finland
Épinoche à neuf épines French Can Quebec
Épinoche à neuf épines French Canada
Épinoche à neuf épines French France
Épinochette French France
Kleine stichling French France
Marichaud French France
Petite épinoche French France
Snathaid mhara Gaelic, Irish Ireland
Kleiner (Neunstacheliger) Stichling German Germany
Kleiner Stichling German Germany
Neunstacheliger Stichling German Germany
Seestichling German Germany
Stachel de butz German Germany
Stachelbauch German Germany
Stachele German Germany
Stachelfisch German Germany
Stechbüttel German Germany
Stecherling German Germany
Stechert German Germany
Steckbedel German Germany
Steckbüdel German Germany
Steckelbars German Germany
Steckelstange German Germany
Steckling German Germany
Steekerling German Germany
Steekling German Germany
Steigbügel German Germany
Stichbeutel German Germany
Stichlinsky German Germany
Stickelbars German Germany
Zwergstichling German Germany
Zwergstichling German Switzerland
Kakelashuk Inuktitut Can Newfounl
Kakidlautidlik Inuktitut Canada
Kakilahaq Inuktitut Canada
Kakilasak Inuktitut Can Quebec
Kakilasak Inuktitut Canada
Kakilisak Inuktitut Canada
Kakilishek Inuktitut Can Quebec
Kakilishek Inuktitut Canada
Kakilusuk Inuktitut Canada
Kakiva Inuktitut Canada
Kakkilasak Inuktitut Canada
Natagnak Inuktitut Alaska
Ibara-tomiyo Japanese Japan
Kitano-tomiyo Japanese Japan
청가시고기 Korean Korea Rep
devinadatu stagars Latvian Latvia
devynspygle dygle Lithuanian Lithuania
八棘多刺魚 Mandarin Chinese China Main
八棘多刺鱼 Mandarin Chinese China Main
Nipigget stingsild Norwegian Norway
Småstikling Norwegian Norway
Cierniczek Polish Poland
Espinho Portuguese Portugal
Osar Rumanian Romania
Devyatiiglaya kolyushka Russian Russian Fed
Malaja koliushka Russian Belarus
Malaja koliushka Russian Latvia
Småspigg Swedish Sweden
Kücükdikence baligi Turkish Turkey
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